Articles Posted in Science and Technology

News From: Jon M. Garon, Chair, Cyberspace Law Committee, Business Law Section American Bar Association:

Dear Colleagues:

Here is the latest news about Cyberspace law, including AI, fintech, privacy, cybersecurity, crypto, digital personas and so much more. We look forward to seeing many of you in San Diego. Please join us for our CLEs, working meetings, and planning sessions.

Recently, we were asked to conduct an information search regarding Nvidia Corporation, a prominent American technology company known for its contributions to the fields of graphics processing units (GPUs) and artificial intelligence (AI). Here’s an outline of our search results:

Overview

Founded: 1993

On July 17, 2024, we noticed a posting from Wisblawg which stated in part that “In recent months web developers and SEO experts have noted significant changes in Google’s Indexing practices observing a shift toward more selective indexing of web content…” Having already received other indications over the past year of impending changes in indexing practices by Google, we decided it was time to take a deeper dive into the subject.

The following is a compilation of our findings, ending with statistical information derived from an AI search using ChatGPt:

 Introduction

Legal citators are crucial tools in legal research, ensuring that legal professionals can verify whether cases and statutes remain valid and authoritative. Traditionally, this market has been dominated by Shepard’s from LexisNexis and KeyCite from Westlaw, with Bloomberg Law also offering a citator called BCite. Recently, the introduction of AI-powered citators, such as vLex’s Cert and Paxton AI’s Citator, marks a significant advancement in this field. This introduction explores these new AI citators, comparing and contrasting them with traditional ones.

TRADITIONAL LEGAL RESEARCH CITATORS:

  1. Shepard’s (LexisNexis)

Law libraries are undergoing a transformation fueled by Artificial Intelligence (AI). While AI isn’t replacing librarians, it’s becoming a powerful tool that’s changing how legal research is conducted and how libraries serve their patrons.

The history of artificial intelligence in law libraries is a fascinating journey marked by technological evolution, legal industry demands, and the gradual integration of advanced tools to support legal research, information management, and decision-making processes. Here’s a historical overview of this subject:

Early Beginnings and Development

The Federal Trade Commission announced today, January 25, that it issued orders to five companies requiring them to provide information regarding recent investments and partnerships involving generative AI companies and major cloud service providers.

The agency’s 6(b) inquiry will scrutinize corporate partnerships and investments with AI providers to build a better internal understanding of these relationships and their impact on the competitive landscape.  The compulsory orders were sent to Alphabet, Inc., Amazon.com, Inc., Anthropic PBC, Microsoft Corp., and OpenAI, Inc.

According to Sage Lazzaro writing in Eye on AI, “The agency is investigating three multi-billion dollar deals that have shaped the AI landscape as we know it: Microsoft and OpenAI, Google and Anthropic, and Amazon and Anthropic. The FTC issued orders to all of the involved companies, seeking specifics about their agreements, the practical implications of these partnerships, analysis of the transactions’ competitive impact, competition for AI inputs and resources, and more information. This investigation could have major ramifications for these companies and the AI and technology landscape.”

The current edition of Sci Tech e-Merging News published by the Science and Technology Section of the American Bar Association,  contains announcements of upcoming events and updated research discussing issues of special interest to both members of the legal profession and others outside the legal profession who face similar concerns. These events include the following:

Open-Source Software Security: Areas of Long-Term Focus and Prioritization

Thursday, January 18, 2024 | 1:00 – 2:00 PM ET

Yesterday, December 12, 2023, we received an email from Open AI announcing changes to their Terms of Use and Privacy Policy that will make it easier to understand what to expect from Open AI  when you use their services. The changes will become effective on January 31, 2024. Below is a copy of an overview of the updates we are posting for the convenience of our readers. To see the complete documents click on the links below:

FROM OPEN AI:

We want to let you know about some upcoming changes to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. These changes will make it easier for you to understand what to expect from OpenAI as you use our services. The Terms of Use and Privacy Policy will take effect on January 31, 2024.
We encourage you to read the updated policies, but here is a quick overview of some key changes:
Terms of Use
  • Separate business terms. We’ve removed the sections of the Terms of Use that relate to the use of our services for businesses and developers, namely ChatGPT Enterprise and our APIs. We’ve created a new set of Business Terms that apply to those services.
  • Updated arbitration procedures. We’ve updated some of the procedures by which we will resolve any arbitrated disputes.
  • Improved readability. We’ve re-organized and clarified some parts of our Terms of Use (yes, with a little help from ChatGPT) to make them simpler and easier to understand.
Privacy Policy
  • Personal information we collect. We’ve provided additional details and examples about the information we collect, such as when you participate in OpenAI’s events or surveys.
  • Business accounts. We’ve provided information about how administrators of ChatGPT Enterprise and team accounts can access and control accounts associated with their organization.
If you have questions about any of these changes, please see this Help Center FAQ.
You don’t need to take any action in response to this update. By continuing to use our services after January 31, 2024, you are agreeing to the updated Terms of Use and acknowledge that our Privacy Policy applies to data processed in OpenAI’s services. If you do not agree to the updates, you may delete your account.

https://ci3.googleusercontent.com/meips/ADKq_NbRyWIYTEI3LDUzqm4FD1lLFftskCTcchwja5rYuUVL5aK9O4KQXZyS6UtGMXE1qhDrtZ1OZ6TwAcGDO-vv23nlhjTqjPu3s6KF2pPHXW_ebM0pu7K1kmTwGOBA-mWcxTysb2NWWgiQvL4VkHBJ8sLtAUF0mZOQhFkfyr5LHwhKZWbo8Wo-QQLuswHx1WEWBlRl1nZ35HyBJoXu0wtN7UnunyP7KB9AxgYzf1_Z6tyLDju6woQfWoFRATZYNVPWBAgw0Za9OiwPsTsVA6Y_7bCdhzkyUhsbhNj8FUZIpl-bK1I6qurYSVl_vwMGdZGjaoX4b-NDjvpg_GE_mQQBzJh00JRswndUV7Afczue9Yp6arIvQBNvUu4Ks0z0rbwW949DWEIzZ0vp1zgSQ8vzrwaeKoOfbitizB0Yeo3rzhsIlQIL8yn4YxlbT5GJd1N4hSbLSGXUOP6jnOHdceDNo6bxx9vKfNXXOFLcgv7ONHUrTO2f-avdJL3f1QVIXDkcUNN-QMNaZzczWS5PEYagOzYdMS6MKvX3J6JHygCIVBzSJ8bvpIKCk2UvKgC9yxycbQ2ZF-RPOwv2WxKtI5RCO9fruYzH05Zclkxr8aYx8eQRkd1753fJuT4o1EsqVfbZFnH6IZjPQ8TpxIBSK3TbxmRIYX0ja_KCQAIyjJwU2hQOJgZCa5xIKFChpwtu-i3NLsqrvO23BVMYqRvodIhAFH2z_0gtjYWJ3pxuqah9EuvWXQJ3C6Ue6a-KkqupKfZrUTt75Siwe6fYLGMOqjLVhclf2UcrHScaHMnLFYuRTzGBB5wsjS5A2rvjJffVQQh5pWB68gVUFyD0Y7fWgEwa4D2yi_QVsNOZecl3aBMO7-DwFzG56vz0Z8YWfDTocFWU0ST_KHQhEcZ2bRcJN3d8S0mbd3rzmwUJioX0aHYZv7vxpwMqAdMGTsauFLz-WUCT4t31UkggjxkhjNc2NSEEZdTxNZEBfiqLIIBNuH7hIH4_EfYZNaRoMYrZeTMfg4DibkGOMYKF1_wmhhlOzRPf2VlUbKkDMtOW5YdvLf8fZTBCPoawZFOjqGyktgqPUcRf-JL6LTeCQVM0ObKKiQ31Rp-U-S8-VxqI_NaH2g1zu8Fj3prSKVUNDGk0JeAKemvRstgHaqlN_sJJxWQnS0BbHAH9lKKBMP0MPu6t5E-frQu9Giw66BgAP774vGO9E09Jo0oFW842Ctin8mFVPCCBiVN9YUIMvLjADqhIdIInu6zy7DjnCnFGfE45OZFbQwf9y8uV_Xws-LvuP1xG1ITuUiTlQQkrnYXcHKAkUmAdIkSrbz1HwgCSvKoMY0MjHn-mE8d7w_FVUxIc2TthquXxfp9DuIbH4W95o0h1Hi1lLZc0oREGlnRCyfxpf_V8hlb28sV-GpwqyUE30YdMTvqhdeCR4tw7emnkWn2pennJXh8=s0-d-e1-ft#http://url3243.email.openai.com/wf/open?upn=Fj6r44LzlWiaPcW06LRJfeeixz7fkSE2fiawiaEmUVE1aIXhpxB7W2tKLsD9lj1WpjbrdLHCWRiJYKI0dFln0Vbl0g4VqkM4S31tm4Z2jVICJCgnMRkvc7LgVKK3KB2cyLSjxrJhXCeSILlFD3gkQYwF1SWiXUB-2Fd5jeM4vn2Qbl0L2Kme7sKUxY7Kcw1cRYIiGEXyX3VhSR3Kl7j0jEwF9YkPMv4y6xpKO8AcwMqDcdkcr4sCdJbZgW5V511Vgzf5-2F0kGja-2FjjjxsnedF-2BwJtWX5S9Kp9Uc8Vozqfj5Dn-2FIdMSt9tOGIOqr9hdT2If-2BQAu3Mv-2Fu0CUUjfo5RDZyLvEUEkdicad25er38qyVXARiyqDMnqT-2B7lnqQHjnSHSHy6TEOvxHQUtIlixuw9Tra9iM8yPVn2uOy7vKb-2Bh8HwWlj-2FFnWj1sarZiTPXoX-2FhkpS6eQSYm36UmIkJDjBIddRyQF3bbcJaYIRHoSCleinC5guIzTB54QOLAwQb9hYGFJFyawoqXBKa069Qa4GwNqoQzxgGcbxcta0mBfW2EFkxYFxgNQxOZ0-2FjmCG1hNFt-2BrI3vFFo6Tn2HKZ-2FftsnEervoPCGmznUC9Zaj-2FlvJhShlf9ZtPuG3rMu6BFVuN5Umdy7-2FoPTnqC5WTGx7za4CytsWK-2Bk3TPh7HOe2zMUKXuUeAfJ-2B-2BzO-2Bvh8DeRPsXWs2sE2F5SolIMu4h5Tur0x4GdG-2BUqsOjPyJgBfr7iV4sXMqxRzzTY-2B6DlEwKc0hZPgDTmmy3GnHfYS3Kf5IJvpMRUcAu4TP2DIsLNyAPnmruUcx66VCZTdWXbMRSIoK-2F-2BcWRq-2B-2FikKMltE2t29MFZScEW1mSxiR78Mq-2F-2FwH3ls6lb47T9Ct-2ByoAoCobMRYy-2BY4oB11J0yoounvjnGEinGxSi5atEG0kq5NBtcQQuQL2w5PIwxt0ZkEWOIcrGa8pWtzb

In a previous posting on this blog, Reflections of a Retired Law Librarian: From Mimeograph to Generative AI, I urged professional organizations, including the American Bar Association (ABA) and the American Association of Law Libraries (AALL), to appoint committees or commissions at the highest level to  facilitate the development and implementation of standards sufficient to address the real ethical and safety concerns related  to the increasingly rapid adaption of AI, including  Generative AI, as a technology of choice in the workplace.

It is gratifying to learn from recent announcements from the American Bar Association that it has already been taking steps to address the legal challenges of Ai faced by the legal community. As Mary L. Smith, President of the American Bar Association, has said: “As a national voice for the legal profession, the ABA must play a  leadership role in helping to identify for the legal community the benefits and risks of continually changing AI and machine learning systems and capabilities.”

Measures already taken by ABA include Resolution 112 adopted in August, 2019, Resolution 604 adopted in February, 2023, various articles and podcasts published by its various Sections, including the ABA Business Law Section and the Sci Tech Lawyer published by the ABA Science and Technology Section.

August 4, 2023.

As ordered Reported  by the House Committee on Oversight and Accountability on July 12, 2023.

Summary:

Contact Information