Criminal Law Library Blog
February 3, 2025.
Congressional Budget office (CBO) requests appropriations of $75.8 million for fiscal year 2026. The requested amount is an increase of $5.8 million, or 8.2 percent, above the annualized funding (at the 2024 level) under the continuing resolution currently in effect.
Request Summary:
The Congressional Budget Office requests appropriations of $75.8 million for fiscal year 2026. Most of that amount—86.6 percent—would be for pay and benefits; 9.8 percent would be for information technology (IT); and 3.6 percent would be for training, expert consultant services, office supplies, and other items. The requested amount is an increase of $5.8 million, or 8.2 percent, above the annualized funding (at the 2024 level) under the continuing resolution currently in effect. (CBO’s request for fiscal year 2026 represents a 3 percent increase above its fiscal year 2025 request of $73.5 million.)
Of the increase, 52 percent would primarily cover increases in current employees’ salaries and benefits and would enable CBO to expand its staff in key areas of Congressional interest. The remaining 48 percent would address increased costs to enhance the agency’s cybersecurity and IT infrastructure; such improvements are critical to protecting sensitive data and improving the agency’s computing power for analyzing complex data sets. CBO is prioritizing advancements in a security strategy called zero trust architecture, which requires verification before allowing access to any user or device.
The requested budget is based on continued strong interest in CBO’s work from the Congressional leadership, committees, and Members. In 2024, CBO published about 1,100 cost estimates for legislation and devoted significant resources to analyzing the Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 (Public Law 118-159); the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024 (P.L. 118-42); the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024 (P.L. 118-47); and H.R. 8467, the Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2024. For those bills and many others, the agency also fulfilled thousands of requests for technical assistance. In addition, CBO prepared dozens of reports, many at the request of Chairs or Ranking Members of Congressional committees.
CBO will provide many estimates and a large amount of technical assistance to the 119th Congress as lawmakers consider significant legislative initiatives. With additional resources, the agency could provide even more. Under a continuing resolution in 2025, CBO would maintain its staffing at 270 employees and focus on the highest priority current needs, including preparing cost estimates, providing technical assistance as the Congress crafts legislation, and analyzing the economic and dynamic budgetary effects of proposed policies. To take that approach, CBO would reduce expenditures elsewhere, by deferring hiring for some positions and deferring some activities, including not undertaking some longer-term improvements in its IT infrastructure.
If CBO received its full funding request for fiscal year 2025 of $73.5 million, the agency would continue growing to meet the needs of the Congress—aiming to have a staff numbering 285 people. But because filling positions would take time, getting to that full complement might not be feasible in fiscal year 2025.
The fiscal year 2026 request would allow CBO to grow to the 285 employees envisioned in the budget for fiscal year 2025. That number would allow the agency to better meet its responsibilities under the Congressional Budget Act. The request also would allow for IT enhancements, including some currently on hold while CBO is operating under a continuing resolution.
Of the 15 additional staff members CBO would hire in 2026:
- 9 would improve CBO’s capabilities to provide timely analysis of changes to health care programs, border security, credit programs (like student loans), and the U.S. population (particularly because of changes in immigration) and of dynamic policy effects (that is, determining how changes in fiscal policies would affect the economy and how those economic changes would, in turn, affect the federal budget);
- 2 would enhance CBO’s responsiveness in producing cost estimates and providing technical assistance in the legislative process;
- 1 would be an addition to the agency’s editing staff to enhance the readability and accessibility of CBO’s materials;
- 1 would provide increased legal assistance;
- 1 would enhance CBO’s IT security; and
- 1 would boost outreach to Congressional staff and the press.
CBO plans to use expert consultants more than it has in the past—enabling the agency to shift to the Congress’s key areas of focus more easily and to be more nimble in conducting facility management, work in IT, and financial management.
Request CBO Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2026, as Submitted.
Related Publication:
The Congressional Budget Office’s Request for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2025